Over-liming in the Construction of the Fertility of Red Yellow Latosol with Different Phosphorus Sources

The availability of P in Cerrado soils is a limiting factor for the satisfactory development of crops. It is known that the efficiency of phosphate fertilization is low and depends on several factors, such as solubility of fertilizers, soil texture, and soil acidity. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the availability of phosphorus as a function of different phosphate sources under the influence of pH, as well as to determine its fertilization efficiency in a red latosol. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Tocantins federal university, in DIC, Brazil was used, in a 3 x 5 + 1 scheme. A red-yellow Latosol was used and three sources of phosphate fertilization were evaluated: Mono-ammonic phosphate - MAP, single superphosphate - SS and Natural phosphate - FN, plus one treatment without fertilization, in five evaluation periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Therefore, the pH in CaCl2 of the soil stabilized between (5.5 – 6.5) in approximately 83 days of incubation with the acidity concealer. The SS and MAP phosphate fertilizers promoted the highest available P contents, with 6.32 and 6.23 mg.d m−3, respectively. The use of FN showed low P levels during the evaluated incubation period, mainly due to its lower solubility.