A Study of Patients with Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma at a Teaching Hospital in Eastern Nepal during April 2016-March 2017

Aim: This study was done to study the profile of the patients who underwent surgery for ovarian mature cystic teratoma. This specifically included: socio-demographic profile, complaints at the time of presentation to health facility and details of peri-operative findings.

Study Design: Retrospective observational.

Study Place and Duration: Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Retrospective review of hospital records from April 2016-March 2017 was done.

Methods: It is a retrospective study, started after ethical clearance in May 2017; where all patients who underwent surgical intervention for ovarian mass during April 2016-March 2017 were included with their demographic profiles. The detailed operative findings of those with the histo-pathological diagnosis of dermoid were studied. The procedure performed and the complications were taken into account.

Results: A total of 162 patients underwent to laparotomy for adnexal mass, 110 had ovarian pathology but complete documentation was available for only 95 patients. Out of those 95 patients, 38 had a histo-pathological diagnosis of dermoid. The incidence of mature cystic teratoma was 40% with mean age 38.82±11.83 years. Most patients were nulliparous (34.2%) and mean parity was 1.68. Moreover 84.2% patients were pre-menopausal and only 10.5% of patients were diagnosed as dermoid preoperatively in ultrasound. 73.7% suffered with pelvic pain less than six months of duration was the most common presentation along with Torsion which was seen in 10% of cases. The Oophorectomy was performed in 50% of patients, followed by cystectomy (28%) and laparotomy (76.22%). Besides 13% patients showed peritoneal spillage with no evidence of chemical peritonitis.

Conclusion: Mature cystic teratoma was the commonest ovarian pathology found in premenopausal patients undergoing surgery for adnexal mass and Oophorectomy was the most commonly performed surgery. Pelvic Pain of duration less than six months was the most common presenting complaint.