Response of Jerusalem artichoke Plants Grown under Saline Calcareous soil to Application of Different Combined Organic Manures

Two field experiments were successfully carried out to evaluate the potential influences of three organic manure (farmyard, FYM, poultry, PLM, and pigeon PGM) applied in different combinations on growth and tuber yield, and biochemical constituents of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) plants. The results indicated that organic treatments improved all tested parameters, with different degrees, compared to the control. In the first season (2016/2017), the combined PLM + PGM treatment (T2) produced the highest values of No. of leaves, leaf and stem fresh and dry weights, tuber fresh and dry weights, and tuber nitrogen content. The combined PGM + ½ FYM + ½ PLM) treatment (T6) produced the highest values of plant height, No. of lateral shoots, tuber phosphorus, cadmium and nickel content. While combined FYM + PLM treatment (T1), produced the highest values of leaf nitrogen content and total yield. While, the combined FYM + ½ PLM + ½ PGM treatment (T4) showed the best number of lateral shoots, leaf fresh and dry weights, tuber fresh weight and total tuber yield, leaf phosphorus and tuber nitrogen contents in the second season (2017/2018). However, the combined FYM + PGM treatment (T3) produced the highest values of total phenolic compounds, leaf phosphorus and tuber potassium contents, and the combined PGM + ½FYM + ½PLMtreatment (T6) was the best for inulin percentage in both seasons. The results of this study recommend using organic fertilizers, especially the combined T1 or T4 for Jerusalem artichoke.