First Episode Schizophrenia: Psychiatric and Cognitive Study for the Patients and Their First-degree Relatives

Background: severe and persistent mental condition Adults have a lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia that ranges from 0.4 to 1%. The purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive function of first-episode schizophrenic patients to that of multiple schizophrenic patients, as well as to examine cognitive function in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and the impact of treatment on first-degree relatives of the patient.

Methods: The 200 participants in this cross-sectional case-control study were of both sexes and ranged in age from 18 to 50. There were five groups created for the subjects: Group I (n=50): Schizophrenia in its initial episode. Group II (n=50): Relatives of schizophrenia patients experiencing their first episode. Group III (n=50): Schizophrenia with multiple episodes. Healthy volunteers make up Group IV (n=50). Group V (n=36): Group I was followed up with one year following therapy.

Results: Total IQ, attention, executive function, memory function, and social cognition were significantly different between patients and controls. First-degree relatives and the control group showed substantial differences in attention, executive function, and memory function. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) categories that were completed and the number of preservation errors, as well as the Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B, Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Perception and experiencing areas of emotional intelligence (MESCIT), mental control, logical memory, total number of digits, association learning, and visual reproduction are all measured by the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). Other than the perception branch and experiential region (social cognition), there was no statistically significant change in the overall IQ, WCST, Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), or MESCIT.

Conclusions: In terms of general intelligence, attention, executive function, memory function, and social cognition, first episode patients outperformed many episode patients.