The Treatment of Soft Tissue Hydatidosis through an Oncological Approach: A Review of 13 Cases with an Average Follow-Up of 43 Months

Aim: The primary aim of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical results, instances of local recurrence, and the occurrence of complications related to the utilization of antihelminthic chemotherapy and comprehensive resection in patients diagnosed with muscle or bone hydatidosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 13 patients diagnosed with muscular hydatid disease. The study included 13 patients (8 males and 5 females) who were treated for muscle hydatidosis between 2010 and 2020. The average age at the time of surgery was 38 years, ranging from 23 to 52 years. All patients underwent comprehensive resection and received preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy using albendazole. The follow-up period averaged 43 months, ranging from 32 to 60 months.

Results: All patients exhibited positive clinical outcomes, and no instances of local recurrence were observed. Surgical complications were encountered in 3 patients (23%): one case of superficial infection and two cases of hematoma. An additional surgical procedure (local debridement and vacuum-assisted drainage system) was required for one patient (8%). Employing an aggressive approach involving antihelminthic chemotherapy and extensive resection resulted in favorable clinical outcomes and reduced the risk of local recurrence in patients with musculoskeletal hydatidosis. While potential complications from aggressive surgery should be weighed, they are still preferable over the potential morbidity associated with local and systemic dissemination.

Conclusion: Muscular hydatid cysts are rare, and wide resection together albendazol treatment are effective in patients with soft-tissue hydatid cysts.