Activity Guided Fractionation with Antimicrobial Evaluation of Pergularia tomentosa L. (Asclepiadacea) Whole Plant

This research work aimed to present the activity guided fractionation with antimicrobial evaluation
from both crude extract and various fractions obtained from Pergularia tomentosa L. whole plant. The
P. tomentosa L. whole plant was extracted with 95% aqueous ethanol; fractionated into acidic, basic,
polar and nonpolar fractions. All fractions with the crude extract were screened for both antimicrobial
and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) potentialities. For crude extract, all concentrations (1.5,
0.75, 0.35, & 0.168 mg/ml) indicated marginal antibacterial activity with range of 17, 20, 14 mm zone
of inhibition for S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans. While, both basic fraction showed highest activity
against E. coli and C. albicans at 15 mm & 15 mm; along with acidic and methanolic fraction haven
large spectrum against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans at 13, 12, 12 mm. Moreover hexane did not
showed antimicrobial activity for both S. aureus and C. albicans except for E. coli which showed
activity at 12 mm. The study clearly indicated that basic fraction showed highest antimicrobial activity
for selected micro-organisms with lower minimum inhibitory concentration which ranges from 18.75
μg/ml to 150 μg/ml. Followed by wider spectrum of antimicrobial activity for acidic and methanolic
fraction against all tested organisms with minimum inhibitory concentration from 75 μg/ml to 150
μg/ml; while 300 μg/ml (MIC) stand for hexane fraction. Thus, P. tomentosa L. particularly, the basic
fraction (alkaloid) and, both acidic and neutral fractions will be centered areas for further scientific
research findings in isolating an active antimicrobial component therein.