Antioxidant Protection Mechanisms in the Cardiovascular System

The cardiovascular system, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, plays a critical role in maintaining the consistency of blood flow to supply oxygen throughout the body. Changes in the dynamics of blood flow can occur with the progression of disease exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a major trigger for cardiomyocyte and endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, an antioxidant defense system is essential for prevention. This review aims to provide insights into the primary mechanisms of antioxidants in their role as cardioprotective agents. The human body has at least five defense mechanisms against ROS. Understanding these mechanisms will offer readers a strong perspective on the importance of sufficient antioxidants in the body to maintain cardiovascular function.